Navigating the Common Law Approach to Cross-Border Insolvency

Conflict of Laws .Net reports here that Look Chan Ho of Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer has posted Navigating the Common Law Approach to Cross-Border Insolvency on SSRN.

Just when legislations are being put in place around the world to cope with cross-border insolvency (such as the implementation of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency), the UK Privy Council in Cambridge Gas Transport Corporation v Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of Navigator Holdings [2006] UKPC 26; [2006] 3 WLR 689 reminds us that the common law remains essential and is capable of development.

In summary, the Privy Council held that the Isle of Man court, having recognised a US Chapter 11 proceeding, had a broad discretion to assist in the implementation of that Chapter 11 plan, notwithstanding that this involved the transfer of shares in an Isle of Man company.

While the spirit of cooperation demonstrated by the Privy Council is commendable, its approach seems novel and may have significant implications for the management of cross-border insolvencies and for the general law. This commentary reviews the Privy Councilís approach and contrasts it to an alternative approach adopted by the Canadian courts, in particular the decision of the Ontario Court of Appeal in Re Cavell Insurance Company (23 May 2006)("Cavell").

In short, Ho argues for development of the rules on recognition of foreign judgements along the lines of Cavell. In concluding that the Privy Council reached the right result for the wrong reasons, he quotes from In re SPhinX Ltd:

To rule otherwise would delay and frustrate those with the real economic stake.

and .

Uncertainty in the UNCITRAL Model Law and the European Insolvency Regulation?

Although he describes Judge Drain's decision in In re SPhinX Ltd as pragmatic and commercial, Chris Mallon of Weil, Gotshal & Manges uses the case in an article entitled:

Bankruptcy Blunder

to illustrate his view that the uncertainty inherent in the Model Law makes credit-risk assessment very difficult and encourages forum shopping (and he expresses similar concern about the European Insolvency Regulation).

I think the benefits of legislation encouraging cooperation between insolvency regimes far outweigh the risks of forum shopping. Of course parties will seek to gain advantage from any perceived uncertainty and some courts may react less predictably than others, but the COMI concept and its interpretation is becoming familiar to most practitioners.

Certainly in Europe the debate has moved beyond COMI to considering how to manage cooperation between main and secondary proceedings, particularly in relation to creditors' rights to claim in either or both, or whether secondary proceedings are better avoided altogether by recognition of creditors' local rights in main proceedings.